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Trending Topics & Drug Approvals: July 2026

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July 23, 2026

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An observational cohort study using insurance claims data from 2011–2024 evaluated the continuation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist therapy into the first trimester of pregnancy and its associated pregnancy outcomes. The target trial emulation study was performed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and was published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. The analysis included women 16–55 years of age identified in the Merative MarketScan U.S. insurance claims database who had a GLP-1 receptor agonist dispensation during the 90 days preceding their last menstrual period (LMP). Two treatment strategies were evaluated: continued GLP-1 dispensing into the first trimester of pregnancy (defined as at least one further dispensation) versus noncontinuation of GLP-1 therapy. A total of 3,572 pregnancies were evaluated and 41.1% of pregnancies occurred in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The estimated risk of non-live birth, assessed using a weighted Kaplan–Meier estimator, was comparable between patients who continued GLP-1 therapy into the first trimester and those who discontinued treatment (29.7% versus 27.1%, respectively; adjusted risk ratio [RR], 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98–1.23). Of pregnancies resulting in a live birth (n=2,529), 57.1% had evidence of at least one GLP-1 dispensation after the LMP. Continuation of GLP-1 therapy was not associated with a statistically significant difference in the estimated weighted prevalence of major congenital malformations (MCM), small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) compared with noncontinuation. However, estimates for MCM and SGA were imprecise. Additionally, differences in baseline glycemic control before treatment exposure could have resulted in residual confounding.

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