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Trending Topics & Drug Approvals: January 2026

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January 22, 2026

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In January 2026, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced an updated U.S. childhood immunization schedule. The 2024 version of the CDC schedule recommended 17 immunizations for children. The updated version recommends all children receive vaccination against 10 diseases and varicella; however, for other diseases the CDC recommends vaccination of high-risk groups or shared clinical decision making. Based on these updates, the new schedule will organize the childhood vaccination schedule into the following three categories: (1) immunizations recommended for all children (based on consensus among peer nations), (2) immunizations recommended for certain high-risk groups or populations and (3) immunizations based on shared clinical decision-making. All three categories require insurance coverage without patient cost-sharing. Immunizations recommended for all children are diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (whooping cough), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), pneumococcal conjugate, polio, measles, mumps, rubella, human papillomavirus (HPV) (international consensus for all of these) and varicella (chickenpox). Recommended immunizations for certain high-risk groups/populations are respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), hepatitis A, hepatitis B, dengue, meningococcal ACWY and meningococcal B. Shared clinical decision-making is recommended for rotavirus, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), influenza, meningococcal disease, hepatitis A and hepatitis B. The CDC has stated the updated Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule by Age will be published with these recommendations. The scientific assessment used for these updates analyzed U.S. childhood immunization guidelines in relation to those of comparable peer nations and assessed vaccine uptake as well as clinical and epidemiological evidence. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has stated they will continue to publish their own childhood vaccine recommendations and opposes the CDC’s changes.  

The CDC has adopted the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice’s (ACIP’s) recommendation for individual-based decision-making on hepatitis B vaccination, including the birth dose, for infants born to women who test negative for the virus. For infants who do not receive the birth dose, it is suggested that the initial dose be given at or after two months of age. Individual-based decision-making, or shared clinical decision-making, involves parents and healthcare professionals (HCPs) discussing whether and when to start the hepatitis B vaccine series by weighing its benefits, risks and the child's risk of infection. The shared clinical decision-making approach for hepatitis B immunization ensures consistent coverage by all types of payment methods (e.g., Vaccines for Children Program, Children's Health Insurance Program, Medicaid, Medicare, insurance plans through the federal Health Insurance Marketplace). The CDC is currently evaluating ACIP’s recommendation for parents to consult an HCP about serology testing in order to determine whether antibody levels to hepatitis surface antigen should be tested to decide if a subsequent dose of the hepatitis B vaccine is needed. The currently recommended birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine and immunoglobulin remains unchanged for infants born to mothers who are hepatitis B positive or whose status is unknown. The AAP continues to recommend newborns receive a dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours of birth with additional doses at one to two months of age and six to 18 months of age. 

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